4 types of vulnerability in disaster management

3. Mapping, Vulnerability and Risk Assessment. In addition to the terminologies, the study also seeks to explain various types of disasters. 1.12.1. The Hazard Vulnerability Analysis provides a framework for organizations to better identify hazards, prepare for emergencies, and mitigate the impact of disaster. The four overlapping phases of the model include mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery. The following are characteristics of some people who abuse children. is argued that the assessment of vulnerability alone will not reduce natural hazards. 4 Vulnerability . The Disaster Management Act, 2002 (Act No. An example on social factors: Older adults' independence is most significant factor for vulnerability in hot weather Economic factors Types of disasters. The horrific images that continue to emerge from New Orleans and the Gulf Coast in the wake of Hurricane Katrina have brought issues of race and poverty in America to the forefront of public consciousness. Chapter Four CONCEPTUAL MODEL: HAZARD, RISK, VULNERABILITY, AND DAMAGE ABSTRACT The ultimate objective of disaster management is to bring the probability that damage will occur from an event as close to zero as is possible. Social isolation. Overview of Disaster Risk Management and Vulnerability Lameck Betera Department of Civil Protection. Vulnerability changes over time and from one disaster to another disaster. UNIT-I: Concept of disaster management. 4) Housing/Transportation (comprising housing structure, crowding, and vehicle access variables): Housing quality is an important factor in evaluating disaster vulnerability. Social Vulnerability Refers to the susceptibility of the population, the social . Low self-esteem. 3. 3. Close to 5,700 kms, out of the 7,516 kms long coastline is prone to . In the book, the author also clearly pointed out the administration departments in charge of each type of disaster (Table 1.4). Environmental Vulnerability: Natural resource depletion and resource degradation are key aspects of environmental vulnerability. When a hazard event (such as a drought, flood, cyclone, earthquake or tsunami) occurs, triggering a loss of life and damage to infrastructure, it highlights the reality that society and its assets are vulnerable to such events. Dos and Don'ts during various types of Disasters . This is especially important for donor organisations seeking to support change on the ground where distinctions between the management of disaster and climate change extremes and associated Developing countries suffer the greatest costs when a disaster hits - more than 95% of all deaths caused by hazards occur in developing countries . 4. C. Zone-0. Cyclone Prone Areas in India. 33.Which of the following is a man-made disaster. A history of being abused themselves. By the end of the TYPES OR SECTORS OF VULNERABILITY? Nearly a million people have been killed over the last decade by disasters caused There are many aspects of vulnerability, arising from various physical, social, economic, and environmental factors. For more information about this model, readers are referred to the toolkit paper published by CARE.22 Chapter 6 • Disaster Models 209 6.5.4 Linear Risk Management Model A typical risk management process, such as the Canadian Standards Association (CSA- Q634-91), can be adapted for disaster management (Figure 6.13). Our vulnerability to natural hazards is growing, because pop-ulation increases and more people are living in risky places. Most software security vulnerabilities fall into one of a small set of categories: buffer overflows. 14) The area within 3 meter from the discharge nozzle of the relief valve is considered as: A. Zone-0. Figure 1.4 shows how disaster risk can be reduced and indicates the area of disaster risk. access-control problems. Vulnerability • A condition determined by physical, social, economic and environmental factors which increase the susceptibility of a community to the impact of hazards. 4. Perception is a key process in decision making in disasters. Stress. Individuals or 1 Status of current plans To reduce disaster risk, it is important to reduce the level of vulnerability and to keep exposure as far away from hazards as possible by relocating populations and property. Fire is a disaster to which almost everyone in an urban setting has some degree of vulnerability. A description of how facility management will communicate the warning to occupants of the facility. Overview of Disaster situations in India: Vulnerability profile of India and vulnerability mapping including disaster prone areas . 34. Poor design and construction of buildings, Inadequate protection of assets, Lack of public information and awareness, Limited official recognition of risks and preparedness measures, and Disregard for wise environmental management. Disaster Management: A Disaster Manager's Handbook . By this I do not mean what is usually meant by this claim: that we are increasingly susceptible to various kinds of stresses and shocks. The organizational steps proposed in Box 4.1 are only indicative and may need to be adapted to different situations. The four phases are: Mitigation Mitigation is the most cost-efficient method for reducing the impact of hazards. This is the recurring process of vulnerability management. When the management of disasters is taken into account at the same time, disasters can be divided into 5 classes and further 30 types. 5. 12.2.1 T ype of disasters There are two types of disasters namely natural disasters and man made disasters. It is affected by culture and symbolism, which are analysed in the context of disaster risk. Introduction: Disasters and emergencies are fundamental reflections of normal life. We could say that vulnerability is (1) the susceptibility of people to injury as the result of a hazardous event, and (2) the susceptibility of the things people value to damage as the result of a hazardous event. Types of Security Vulnerabilities. Vulnerability varies significantly within a community and over time. resulting from the . Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) is the concept and practice of reducing disaster risks through analysis and management of the causal factors of disasters. This is the recurring process of vulnerability management. How hazards, exposure, and vulnerability/capacity create disaster risk. Vulnerability management is the necessary, engrained drill that enlists the common processes including asset discovery, asset prioritization, assess or perform a complete vulnerability scan, report on results, remediate vulnerabilities, verify remediation - repeat. 57 of 2002), hereafter referred to as 'the . The approach of vulnerability in itself brings great expectations of social policy and gerontological planning. In the fields of earthquake engineering and seismic risk reduction the term "physical vulnerability" defines the component that translates the relationship between seismic shaking intensity, dynamic structural uake damage and loss assessment discipline in the early 1980s, which aimed at predicting the consequences of earthquake shaking for an individual building or a portfolio of buildings. They are consequences of the way society structure The literature on hazards and vulnerability from UNIT 2: Disaster cycle - Phases, Culture of safety, prevention . The model helps frame issues related to disaster preparedness as well as economic and business recovery after a disaster. Vulnerability varies significantly within a community and over time. Disaster mitigating agencies and their organization structure at different levels. Vulnerability Profile of India. Vulnerability Assessment (Section 1.3) Risk Assessment (Section 1.4) Identify Mitigation Options (Chapters 2 and 3) Threat/Hazard Assessment (Section 1.2) Cost Analysis Decision (Risk Management) (Section 1.5) Analyze how mitigation options affect asset criticality and ultimately risk Analyze how mitigation options change vulnerability and . Vulnerability = (Exposure ) + (Resistance) + (Resilience) Data show that the main disaster types include floods, earthquakes, drought, epidemics, extreme temperatures, storms, and mass movement wet (subsidence, rock falls, avalanches and landslides) [ 17 ]. About 12% (over 40 million hectares) of its land is prone to floods and river erosion. Software vulnerabilities-Software vulnerabilities are when applications have errors or bugs in them. Examination (Practical): 3hrs. in conditions of chronic disaster vulnerability - in underserved, ecologically fragile or mar- . Each phase has particular needs, requires distinct tools, strategies, and resources and faces different challenges. 13) In a Oil and Gas Drilling rig, an area within 4.5 m of the shale shaker in open air is considered as: A. Zone-1. These four phases include: preparedness, response, recovery, and mitigation. V ulnerability (V) is the d egree of loss to a given element or set of e lements at risk. management of disasters is demonstrated by the existence of the legal enabling statutes, which . Resilience These natural disasters harm humans, lead to significant economic losses, change the environment, and restrict social development. - Tsholotsho Around 59% of the landmass is prone to earthquakes of moderate to very high intensity. Only a prepared urban setting, fitted with most logical fire prevention and management strategies can reduce causalities percentages and aggravation of a fire incident. . Chapter 8 81Counter-Disaster Resources Types of Resources 82 Evaluation of Resources 84 Roles and Responsibilities of . Different types of Vulnerabilities: 1. When discussing disaster risk management, a disaster can highlight the following in a community: Attitudinal Vulnerability, Economic Vulnerability, great men, Hero's journey, Manhood, manly, Masculinity, men of legacy, physical vulnerability, Social Vulnerability, soul of man, types of vulnerability, vulnerability How Younger Marriages Influenced Dating in the 1950s How Purpose Prevails Over Passion for Foresight and Advancing Your Goal assess risk factors relevant to health emergency and disaster risk management (Health EDRM), including: 1. An identification of designated shelter areas or best protective areas inside the facility. Discuss the magnitude and distribution of disasters Explain different phases of disasters 1.1. Exposure is a necessary, but not sufficient, determinant of risk. The unique challenges of defining, identifying and measuring risk in disaster research. It leads to reduced exposure to hazards, lessening of vulnerability of people and assets, effective management of land and the environment and improved preparedness for adverse events. Scale-Dependent: Vulnerability can be expressed in different scales from human to household to community to country resolution; 4. With reference to the Classification of Natural Disasters, Consider the following statements: 1. Categories include API Abuse, Input Validation Vulnerability, and Session Management Vulnerability. The Four Types of Risk Mitigation. It is for this reason that it is important to learn about fire preparedness. SPECIFIC ISSUES TO ADDRESS AT THE DISTRICT LEVEL (a) Understanding the district hazard and vulnerability profile.This would include a clear understanding of the types of hazards and disasters undermining development and livelihood There is no country that is immune from disaster, though vulnerability to disaster varies. A list of emergency telephone numbers, including the administrative chain-of-command and community emergency services. MULTIPLE TYPES OF (!:!2$3. Vulnerability analysis comes in which part of the Disaster Management Cycle. A population can be deemed vulnerable due to having a high level of physical, psychological, and/or social risk. 2. Vulnerability management is the necessary, engrained drill that enlists the common processes including asset discovery, asset prioritization, assess or perform a complete vulnerability scan, report on results, remediate vulnerabilities, verify remediation - repeat. Social vulnerability refers to the susceptibility of social groups to potential losses from hazard events of society's resistance and resilience to hazard ( Blaikie et al., 1994; Hewitt, 1977) Vulnerability vs. e.g. The disaster management cycle illustrates the ongoing process by which governments, businesses, and civil society plan for and reduce the impact of disasters, react during and immediately […] Types of vulnerability include social, cognitive, environmental, emotional or military. 3. The Hazard Vulnerability Analysis provides a framework for organizations to better identify hazards, prepare for emergencies, and mitigate the impact of disaster. A precursor activity to mitigation is the identification of risks. Show Answer According to United Nation Office of Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR), Vulnerability can be defined as the conditions determined by physical, social, economic and environmental factors or processes, which increase the susceptibility of an individual, a community . Types of Vulnerabilities - Physical, Social, Economic, Attitudinal Vulnerability | Monitoring and Evaluation Studies Types of Vulnerabilities in Disaster Management A set of prevailing conditions which adversely affect the community's ability to prevent, mitigate, prepare for or respond to a hazard. Physical risk assessment refers to the process of identifying and evaluating hazards. The Hazard Vulnerability Analysis is reviewed annually, or as required by leadership and the Emergency Management Committee. T erminology-. The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction highlights that: "Policies and practices for disaster risk management should be based on an understanding of disaster risk in all its dimensions of vulnerability, capacity, exposure of persons and assets, hazard characteristics and the environment. South Africa faces many different types of risk, disaster risk specifically refers to the likeli- . Pollution. Mitigation. Financial problems. The prevalence of natural disasters, in addition to the potential for other civil hazards, has necessitated a common framework for assessing a community's risk, vulnerability, and preparedness should an incident occur. Disaster Vulnerability and Resilience: Theory, Modelling and Prospective 6 support cross-tradition learning and avoid the transactions costs of translation. Preparedness. India has experienced all the four kind of natural disaster. The module is designed to enable . But the organization's website also lists dozens of entries grouped into 20 types of security vulnerabilities. Preparedness focuses on building emergency response and management capabilities before a disaster occurs in order to respond to and recover when a disaster event occurs. There are many different factors that determine vulnerability. Disaster Management Syllabus. Preparedness and planning for disaster management have to be taken up along with environmental concerns that the country is facing today . 3. This chapter describes the nature of each type of vulnerability. This module was collaboratively designed, developed, and reviewed by educators both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 . Two forms of vulnerability We live in a vulnerable world. resource management, can increase a country's vulnerability to natural hazards and exacerbate the impacts. Therefore, it is important that . different types of organization, preparation, and activities. Disaster risk Management: A Short Course for Practitioners in Ghana iii PREFACE . OWASP's application vulnerability descriptions talk about risk factors, give examples, and cross-link to related attacks . Major fire. poverty and inequality, marginalisation, social exclusion and discrimination by gender, social status, disability and age (amongst other factors) psychological factors, etc. State Disaster Management Authority(SDMA) Early Warning System . A disaster is a serious problem occurring over a short or long period of time that causes widespread human, material, economic or environmental loss which exceeds the ability of the affected community or society to cope using its own resources. This classification is different from others in the classification of the disaster . Disasters are caused by the interaction of vulnerability and hazards. Hazard and Vulnerability Analysis Hazard and Vulnerability Analysis This document is a sample Hazard Vulnerability Analysis tool. A documented disaster management model helps establish a common base of . by Matthew Mulcahy June 11, 2006. A Disaster Occurs When Hazards and Vulnerability Meet Show and discuss. Capacity and Vulnerability are opposite facets of the same coin. Keywords: natural hazards, disaster management, risk management Introduction Disaster is a sudden adverse or Broadly, natural disasters can be classified under four categories: Atmospheric, Terrestrial, Aquatic and Biological. 4. 4 Introductory Message For the facilitator: Welcome to the Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction 11/12 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Vulnerability in Disaster! Discuss different types of vulnerability with reference to disasters. Disaster impacts may include: • loss of life • injury • disease and other negative effects on human, physical, mental and social well-being • damage to property • destruction of assets • loss of services • social and economic disruption • environmental degradation 12/15/2011 2 . Security vulnerability is a weakness in a product or system that could allow an attacker to compromise the integrity, availability, or confidentiality of that product or a system. The four phases of disaster: 1) mitigation; 2) preparedness; 3) response; and 4) recovery. While the literature and common usage often mistakenly combine exposure and vulnerability, they are distinct. 2.Bird flu, dengue are example of Aquatic Disaster. The prevalence of natural disasters, in addition to the potential for other civil hazards, has necessitated a common framework for assessing a community's risk, vulnerability, and preparedness should an incident occur. These disasters include floods, hurricanes, earthquakes and volcano eruptions that can have immediate impacts on human health, as well as secondary impacts causing further death and . A con-ceptual model is proposed that uses a generic, non-quantitative, mathemat- A recommended method for disaster preparedness efforts is the utilization of an "all-hazards" model of emergency management (Adini et al. B. Zone-2. Site-Specific: Every site and locality has it's own vulnerability and is different from the other ones. Types of Vulnerability 1. The more capacity one has, the less vulnerable one is, and vice versa. Groups of people who are disadvantaged in some way are considered vulnerable populations. Poor control over their emotions. All of the above. Answer: A. Disaster risk management is essentially a development problem. Vulnerability is shown to be the vital component of risk and the principal element of disaster impacts. The concepts explained include: Disaster, Hazard, Vulnerability, Capacity, Risk and Disaster Management Cycle. India is vulnerable, in varying degrees, to a large number of disasters. This paper discusses the bases of theory in the evaluation of social vulnerability to disasters. There are 13 coastal states and union territories (UTs) in the country, encompassing 84 coastal districts which are affected by tropical cyclones.Four states (Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Orissa and West Bengal) and one UT (Puducherry) on the east coast and one state (Gujarat) on the west coast are highly vulnerable to cyclone disasters. 5.3 Identify planning and policy interventions that can minimize vulnerability at each stage of the disaster management cycle _____ Scope: This first session of the Preparedness and Planning module provides important information on the factors that give rise to demographic, economic and political vulnerability. Hazard and Vulnerability profile of India . There are four main types of disaster (WCPT, 2010): Natural disasters. 1990 the economic losses of disasters increased five times due to rising vulner-ability (MunichRe,NatCatSERVICE; Geo Risks Research,2005). configuration and type of building structures, - Middle Sabi, - Muzarabani. Examples of vulnerable populations include children, people with schizophrenia, pregnant women, and homeless people. Vulnerability describes the characteristics and circumstances of a community, system or asset that make it susceptible to the damaging effects of a hazard. 4.3.2 Exposure. WHAT IS VULNERABILITY ? 2012; Waugh 2000). management. 14. As we all know, that is true in some ways and not in others, in some places and not others, and for some people and not others. 2.1 Perspectives on Vulnerability By Discipline 2.1.1 Disaster Management, Ecology, and Hazards Perspectives A strong element in the literature on vulnerability assessment comes from the disaster management, ecology, and hazards literature, especially as related to climate change. Advisories from Appropriate Agencies. Hurricanes, Poverty, and Vulnerability: An Historical Perspective. race conditions. D. FSL and FSV. For National Institute of Disaster Management Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India 5-B, IIPA Campus, IP Estate, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, New Delhi-110 002 . Exposure refers to people, property, systems, or other elements present in hazard zones that are thereby subject to potential losses. 2. ADVERTISEMENTS: Disaster management aims to reduce, or avoid the potential losses from hazards, assure prompt and appropriate assistance to victims of disaster, and achieve rapid and effective recovery. 2. Examples may include poor design and construction of buildings, inadequate protection of assets, lack of public information and awareness, limited official recognition of risks and preparedness measures, and disregard for wise environmental management (UN-ISDR, 2009). The HVA, including the top five ranked disasters, is shared with community government and emergency response agencies including the Office of Emergency Management, Public Health, Emergency Medical Services (EMS), Police . There are four types of risk mitigation strategies that hold unique to Business Continuity and Disaster Recovery: risk acceptance, risk avoidance, risk limitation, and risk transference. The disaster risk shown here is smaller than that shown in Figure 1.3. A vulnerability management process can vary between environments, but most should follow these four stages, typically performed by a combination of human and technological resources: Identifying vulnerabilities. Components of Disaster Relief: Water, Food, Sanitation, Shelter, Define disaster, hazard, vulnerability and risk Describe the types and the causes of disasters. According to UNESCO/UNDR O (1982) Definitions of H azard & Risk. weaknesses in authentication, authorization, or cryptographic practices. 4. The focus of this module is to enable participants familiarise 12 FLOOD Terrorism. Credits: 4. Evaluating vulnerabilities. Relationship problems with a partner (may include domestic violence) Lack of parenting skills. Ereating vulnerabilities. Reporting vulnerabilities. unvalidated input. Common issues of validity and quality in causal research in disasters. 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